2023年遼寧考研英語考試考前沖刺卷 本卷共分為1大題50小題，作答時間為180分鐘，總分100分，60分及格。 一、單項選擇題（共50題，每題2分。每題的備選項中，只有一個最符合題意） 1.Text 2The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth’s resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air but also of the earth’s atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their own ideals that people have been able to devote themselves wholeheartedly.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it we need a widespread understanding of nature if the crisis confronting us and the world is no passing inconvenience, no byproduct of the ambitions of the oil-producing countries, no environmentalists’ mere fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on a sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the world’s children and future generation.Which condition does the author feel has nearly destroyed our cities（） A．Lack of financial planning. B．The breakup of the family. C．Natural disasters in many regions. D．The excessive growth of motors. 2.Text 2The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth’s resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air but also of the earth’s atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their own ideals that people have been able to devote themselves wholeheartedly.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it we need a widespread understanding of nature if the crisis confronting us and the world is no passing inconvenience, no byproduct of the ambitions of the oil-producing countries, no environmentalists’ mere fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on a sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the world’s children and future generation.According to the author, what is one example of our loss of morality（） A．Disregard for law. B．Lack of devotion. C．Lack of cooperation. D．Exploitation of resources. 3.Text 2The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth’s resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air but also of the earth’s atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their own ideals that people have been able to devote themselves wholeheartedly.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it we need a widespread understanding of nature if the crisis confronting us and the world is no passing inconvenience, no byproduct of the ambitions of the oil-producing countries, no environmentalists’ mere fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on a sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the world’s children and future generation.What contribution does the author feel people must make now（） A．Search for new energy sources. B．Ban motor transportation. C．Accept a new life style. D．Adopt a new form of government. 4.Text 3Science is the never-ending struggle to find truth. You may dismiss this statement as the rambling of an amateur philosopher, but it holds some practical value. Truth is a temporary phenomenon. It is limited by human communication systems, technology, and skills. For example, during the Dark Ages in Europe, the world was perceived as flat. This flatness was acceptable as truth because travel and human knowledge of celestial phenomena were so limited that no other concept was needed. A family lived in a small area and confined its activity to a small region. This region appeared to be flat, so for all practical purposes, the earth was flat, too. When travel and exploration became widespread, and especially when ships were able to sail far out on the Atlantic, the vision of a flat earth had to change. Many observations of stars and planets and of ships’movements at sea led to new principles and to a new truth. Those who were in the position to do so could exploit the new truth about the earth’s shape and turn it into riches. The Spanish, knowing they would not fall off the edge of a flat earth, found the New World and brought gold and silver back to Spain.The situation has not changed much since the Dark Ages. Truth is still sought because it has value, and the scientific method remains the most systematic way of pursuing it. The method starts with a problem. Once the problem is well defined, information that might have an effect on it is gathered. The information is sorted and analyzed, and that which is useful is kept -- to be used as a basis for general principles. In the social sciences, the principles are often used to help formulate policies. The policies ultimately are aimed at removing the problem and improving people’s lives.In economics (and in other social sciences), the pursuit of truth is slowed because human behavior cannot be subjected to the kinds of controlled experiments that are possible with white rats and guinea pigs. The economist must follow the steps in a search for new truths about economic behavior, but following them is frustrating and often leads up blind alleys. Nevertheless, problems, facts, principles, and policies must be considered in a systematic way.Policies in the social sciences target to（） A．lay the foundation of finding new truth. B．lay the foundation of fining new principles. C．solve some practical problems existing in human lives. D．a(chǎn)nalyze problems occurring along the development of societies. 5.Text 3Science is the never-ending struggle to find truth. You may dismiss this statement as the rambling of an amateur philosopher, but it holds some practical value. Truth is a temporary phenomenon. It is limited by human communication systems, technology, and skills. For example, during the Dark Ages in Europe, the world was perceived as flat. This flatness was acceptable as truth because travel and human knowledge of celestial phenomena were so limited that no other concept was needed. A family lived in a small area and confined its activity to a small region. This region appeared to be flat, so for all practical purposes, the earth was flat, too. When travel and exploration became widespread, and especially when ships were able to sail far out on the Atlantic, the vision of a flat earth had to change. Many observations of stars and planets and of ships’movements at sea led to new principles and to a new truth. Those who were in the position to do so could exploit the new truth about the earth’s shape and turn it into riches. The Spanish, knowing they would not fall off the edge of a flat earth, found the New World and brought gold and silver back to Spain.The situation has not changed much since the Dark Ages. Truth is still sought because it has value, and the scientific method remains the most systematic way of pursuing it. The method starts with a problem. Once the problem is well defined, information that might have an effect on it is gathered. The information is sorted and analyzed, and that which is useful is kept -- to be used as a basis for general principles. In the social sciences, the principles are often used to help formulate policies. The policies ultimately are aimed at removing the problem and improving people’s lives.In economics (and in other social sciences), the pursuit of truth is slowed because human behavior cannot be subjected to the kinds of controlled experiments that are possible with white rats and guinea pigs. The economist must follow the steps in a search for new truths about economic behavior, but following them is frustrating and often leads up blind alleys. Nevertheless, problems, facts, principles, and policies must be considered in a systematic way.According to the passage, truth（） A．is often found by chance. B．has little effect on people's life. C．will never be changed since it is found. D．may be changed as more and more information about the earth is gathered. 6.Text 3Science is the never-ending struggle to find truth. You may dismiss this statement as the rambling of an amateur philosopher, but it holds some practical value. Truth is a temporary phenomenon. It is limited by human communication systems, technology, and skills. For example, during the Dark Ages in Europe, the world was perceived as flat. This flatness was acceptable as truth because travel and human knowledge of celestial phenomena were so limited that no other concept was needed. A family lived in a small area and confined its activity to a small region. This region appeared to be flat, so for all practical purposes, the earth was flat, too. When travel and exploration became widespread, and especially when ships were able to sail far out on the Atlantic, the vision of a flat earth had to change. Many observations of stars and planets and of ships’movements at sea led to new principles and to a new truth. Those who were in the position to do so could exploit the new truth about the earth’s shape and turn it into riches. The Spanish, knowing they would not fall off the edge of a flat earth, found the New World and brought gold and silver back to Spain.The situation has not changed much since the Dark Ages. Truth is still sought because it has value, and the scientific method remains the most systematic way of pursuing it. The method starts with a problem. Once the problem is well defined, information that might have an effect on it is gathered. The information is sorted and analyzed, and that which is useful is kept -- to be used as a basis for general principles. In the social sciences, the principles are often used to help formulate policies. The policies ultimately are aimed at removing the problem and improving people’s lives.In economics (and in other social sciences), the pursuit of truth is slowed because human behavior cannot be subjected to the kinds of controlled experiments that are possible with white rats and guinea pigs. The economist must follow the steps in a search for new truths about economic behavior, but following them is frustrating and often leads up blind alleys. Nevertheless, problems, facts, principles, and policies must be considered in a systematic way.The writer suggests that the way of finding new truths about economic behavior（） A．should better be conducted systematically. B．has nothing to do with the way of finding new principles. C．should be opposite to the way of finding economic principles. D．is similar to the way of finding new principles in that both are conducted casually. 7.More and more residences, businesses, and even government agencies are using telephone answering machines to take messages or give information or instructions. Sometimes these machines give (1) instructions, or play messages that are difficult to understand. If you (2) telephone calls, you need to be ready to respond when you get a (3) The most common machine is the (4) used in residence. If you call a home (5) there is a telephone answering machine (6) you will hear several rings and then a recorded message that (7) says something like this: Hello. We can’t come to the (8) right now. If you want us to call you back, please leave your name and number after the beep. Then you will hear a beep, (9) is a brief, high-pitched (10) . After the beep, you can say who you are, whom you want to speak to, and what number the person should call to (11) you, or you can leave a (12) . Some telephone answering machines record for only 20 or 30 seconds after the beep, (13) you must respond quickly.Some large businesses and government agencies are using telephone answering machines to provide information on (14) about which they receive a large volume of (15) . Generally speaking, using these systems (16) you to have a touch-tone phone ( a phone with buttons rather than a rotary dial). The voice on the machine will tell you to (17) a certain button on your telephone if you want information on Topic A, another button for Topic B, and so on. You listen (18) you hear the topic you want to learn about, and then you push the (19) button. Immediately after making your (20) , you will hear a recorded message on the topic.20（） A．topics B．things C．a(chǎn)rguments D．concerns 8.Text 3Science is the never-ending struggle to find truth. You may dismiss this statement as the rambling of an amateur philosopher, but it holds some practical value. Truth is a temporary phenomenon. It is limited by human communication systems, technology, and skills. For example, during the Dark Ages in Europe, the world was perceived as flat. This flatness was acceptable as truth because travel and human knowledge of celestial phenomena were so limited that no other concept was needed. A family lived in a small area and confined its activity to a small region. This region appeared to be flat, so for all practical purposes, the earth was flat, too. When travel and exploration became widespread, and especially when ships were able to sail far out on the Atlantic, the vision of a flat earth had to change. Many observations of stars and planets and of ships’movements at sea led to new principles and to a new truth. Those who were in the position to do so could exploit the new truth about the earth’s shape and turn it into riches. The Spanish, knowing they would not fall off the edge of a flat earth, found the New World and brought gold and silver back to Spain.The situation has not changed much since the Dark Ages. Truth is still sought because it has value, and the scientific method remains the most systematic way of pursuing it. The method starts with a problem. Once the problem is well defined, information that might have an effect on it is gathered. The information is sorted and analyzed, and that which is useful is kept -- to be used as a basis for general principles. In the social sciences, the principles are often used to help formulate policies. The policies ultimately are aimed at removing the problem and improving people’s lives.In economics (and in other social sciences), the pursuit of truth is slowed because human behavior cannot be subjected to the kinds of controlled experiments that are possible with white rats and guinea pigs. The economist must follow the steps in a search for new truths about economic behavior, but following them is frustrating and often leads up blind alleys. Nevertheless, problems, facts, principles, and policies must be considered in a systematic way.What does the author mean by "turn it into riches" ( Line I 1, Paragraph 1 )（） A．Make lots of profits. B．Make the land more fertile. C．Help poor people become richer. D．Turn the land into an area of gold. 9.Text 1One key answer to the problem of finding and keeping customers -- and turning their good will into sales -- is having good customer relation